Recognizing and Treating Bursting Varicose Veins

Varicose veins may start as a cosmetic concern, but when left untreated, they can become painful, unstable, and—at times—dangerous. One of the most serious complications is a bursting varicose vein, which can cause significant internal or external bleeding.

Understanding why varicose veins burst, what warning signs to watch for, and how to respond can help you protect your health and prevent future complications.

What Causes Varicose Veins to Burst?

Varicose veins develop when weakened valves inside the veins allow blood to pool, increasing pressure within the vein walls. Over time, the vein becomes enlarged, stretched, and fragile.

Common causes and risk factors include:

• Age-related valve weakening
• Genetics and family history
• Pregnancy
• Obesity
• Prolonged sitting or standing
• Poor circulation or venous insufficiency
• Prior blood clots
• Hormonal changes

As pressure continues to build, the vein wall can eventually rupture, leading to sudden bleeding or deep bruising.

Signs a Varicose Vein May Have Burst

A varicose vein can burst internally (under the skin) or externally (through the skin).

Internal rupture symptoms:

• Sudden, large dark bruise
• Warmth or tenderness over the vein
• Aching or burning sensation
• Possible dizziness or lightheadedness

External rupture symptoms:

• Sudden, steady bleeding from the skin
• Blood may spurt or flow rapidly
• Skin around the area may tear
• Hard to stop without pressure and elevation

External bleeding is especially concerning because venous blood loss can be significant and unexpected.

What To Do Immediately if a Varicose Vein Bursts

If you experience a rupture:

1. Sit or lie down immediately — patients often feel faint.
2. Elevate the leg above heart level to reduce bleeding.
3. Apply firm pressure directly to the bleeding area with a clean cloth or bandage.
4. Do NOT remove compression once applied.
5. Seek medical attention right away. A bursting vein should always be evaluated by a vein specialist.

Most ruptured veins are treated with ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy, which seals the vein to prevent recurrent bleeding.

Why Varicose Veins Burst at Night

Many vein ruptures occur during sleep because:

• Blood pressure in the legs increases when lying flat
• Veins are closer to the skin surface
• Dry or thin skin may break more easily
• Scratching itchy varicose veins can tear the skin

Nighttime ruptures are common—and emergencies—so urgent care is recommended.

How to Prevent Varicose Veins From Bursting

The best prevention is treating the underlying venous insufficiency. Additional preventive steps include:

• Wearing prescribed compression stockings
• Avoiding long periods of sitting or standing
• Exercising regularly to improve circulation
• Moisturizing thin or itchy skin
• Elevating legs daily
• Managing weight and maintaining a healthy diet

But once a varicose vein has burst, the likelihood of another rupture increases, making treatment highly recommended.

Treatment Options for Preventing Future Ruptures

At BASS Vein Center, we offer minimally invasive, no-downtime procedures that target the underlying vein disease and prevent future vein ruptures. Below is a quick comparison of the treatments we provide.

Get Help for Bursting Varicose Veins in Northern California

If you have experienced a bursting varicose vein—or you’re concerned about painful, bulging veins—early treatment is important.

BASS Vein Center serves patients across Northern California, including Walnut Creek, Brentwood, Berkeley, Concord, Danville, Oakland, and surrounding communities.

With more than 24,000 vein procedures completed, our specialists provide safe, modern, minimally invasive care to prevent future ruptures and improve long-term vein health.